AGE SPECIFICITIES OF THE COMBATANTS ADAPTATION TO CIVIL LIFE CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problem of determining age characteristics of the adaptation of participants in combat operations. The purpose of the article is an empirical study of the age-old peculiarities of the adapta­tion of combatants to a peaceful life and determination of the possibilities of their post-war resilient reintegra­tion. The methods of research were PCL-M, PCL-5, "OSADA" (Yakovenko), Haym’s coping technique and the “Coping-behavior in stressful situations” questionnaire (Norman), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Ta­deshi & Kalhaun); Resilience Questionnaire (Connor, Davidson); Hardiness Questionnaire (Maddi); “Scales of psychological well-being” (Riff). The results of the study found that 31–45 year-olds are best adapted, and the worst case is over 45 years old; the connection of adaptability with coping strategies, post-traumatic growth, resiliency, vitality and psychological well-being; the concept of resin reintegration as a key aspect of adaptation of demobilized participants in combat operations is defined. Based on the obtained data, the criteria of adaptability were substantiated, the training program of developing skills of adaptation of participants in combat operations was developed and tested; The effectiveness of its implementation in the process of medi­cal-psychological rehabilitation of participants in combat operations of all ages is estimated. Conclusions. The findings of the study are that most of the combatants aged 31 to 45 are well-adapted (resiliently reintegrated, aware of the value of the experience gained in the war and use it in everyday peaceful life), the younger than 30 years of age are characterized as successful adaptation , and quasi-adaptation (when a high level of psycho­logical well-being is due to coping strategies of avoidance and dismulsion); quasi-adaptation and disadaptation (unaware of the positive impact of combat experience on personality, lack of resources for productive func­tioning in a peaceful life, dissimulation and avoidance of traumatic memories) are characteristic to combatants older than 45 years of age.